Mole Removal
Mole removal is a common, safe procedure performed by dermatologists or plastic surgeons, either for medical necessity (suspected skin cancer) or cosmetic reasons. The best method depends on the mole’s characteristics and the primary concern (e.g., minimizing scarring vs. ensuring complete removal for a biopsy).
Common Removal Methods
The procedure is typically done as a quick, outpatient visit using a local anesthetic to numb the area, ensuring you feel little to no pain during the removal itself.
| Method | Description | Best For | Biopsy Possible? | Potential Scarring |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surgical Excision | The entire mole and a small margin of surrounding skin are cut out with a scalpel. The wound is then closed with stitches. | Large, deep, or suspicious moles (potential skin cancer) | Yes, the whole sample is sent to a lab | A linear scar that fades over time |
| Shave Excision | A surgical blade is used to shave the mole off so it is flush with the surrounding skin. The base may be cauterized (burned with an electric current) to stop bleeding and prevent recurrence. | Small, raised, non-cancerous moles | Yes, can provide a tissue sample | A small, flat, or slightly depressed scar |
| Laser Removal | Concentrated light energy breaks down the pigment cells in the mole. Multiple sessions may be needed. | Small, flat, non-cancerous moles, especially on the face | No, this method destroys the tissue | Minimal scarring, but possible temporary discoloration |
| Cryotherapy | Liquid nitrogen is used to freeze the mole, which then blisters and falls off after a few days or weeks. | Small, superficial, non-cancerous spots like skin tags or sun spots | No, not recommended for suspicious moles | Minimal, but can irritate skin or cause pigment changes |
When to See a Doctor
While most moles are harmless, you should consult a dermatologist if you notice any changes in a mole’s:
- Asymmetry
- Borders (irregular, jagged)
- Color (varied shades of brown, black, pink, or multiple colors)
- Diameter (larger than a pencil eraser)
- Evolving (changing in size, shape, or height, or if it becomes itchy, bleeds, or is painful)
These changes can be signs of melanoma, a serious form of skin cancer, which requires professional diagnosis and treatment.
Recovery and Aftercare
Recovery time generally ranges from one to three weeks, depending on the method and the individual’s healing capacity.
Aftercare: Follow your doctor’s specific instructions, which often include keeping the area clean and moist (using petroleum jelly and a bandage) and avoiding sun exposure to minimize scarring.
Risks: Potential side effects include minor pain or discomfort, swelling, redness, a small scar, infection, or the mole growing back if not fully removed.
Important: Do not attempt to remove a mole yourself at home using home remedies or over-the-counter products, as this can lead to infection, significant scarring, or delay the diagnosis of skin cancer.
How it Works
Consultation and Examination
A dermatologist first examines the mole to determine the best removal method. The doctor assesses if the mole is suspicious (potentially cancerous) or if the removal is purely for cosmetic reasons.
Anesthesia
The area around the mole is cleaned, and a local anesthetic is injected to numb the site. This ensures that you will not feel pain during the procedure, only perhaps a slight sting from the initial injection.
The Removal
The doctor performs the removal using a scalpel (for surgical excision) or a surgical blade (for shave excision). For excision, stitches are used to close the wound. For shave removal, the base may be cauterized (burned) to stop bleeding.
Aftercare and Lab Analysis
A bandage is applied to the wound. If the mole was suspicious, the removed tissue is sent to a pathology lab for a biopsy. Your doctor provides specific instructions on how to care for the wound, which usually involves keeping it clean and covered as it heals over one to three weeks.
have a question?
Quick answers to questions you may have
Is mole removal painful?
Will mole removal leave a scar?
How long does the procedure take?
When can I resume normal activities after mole removal?
Most people can return to their daily activities immediately. However, it is advisable to avoid strenuous exercise or activities that might put stress on the wound area for the first week or two, especially if you have stitches, to ensure proper healing and prevent the stitches from popping. Your doctor will provide specific guidance based on the location of the removed mole.